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Print: A manual for writers of research papers, theses, and dissertations: Chicago style for students and researchers.

More in-depth help: Citations: Turabian.

Turabian student paper-formatting tip sheets.

Turabian: A manual for writers: Chicago style for students and researchers.

The note-bibliography (NB) style requires the use of footnotes or endnotes (the citation information is either at the foot of the page or at the end of the article and is noted at the end of the quoted or paraphrased text with a number in superscript).The author-date style uses parenthetical citations (the citation information is within parentheses beside the quoted or paraphrased information).There are two types of Chicago/Turabian format. Named after its author, Kate Turabian, the Turabian citation style is very similar to Chicago with a few slight differences.Ĭhicago format is typically used in history and other humanities disciplines. Campus or General Information Toggle Dropdown.Additional Library Information Toggle Dropdown.Printing, Login or Access Issues Toggle Dropdown.Good Sources for My Research Toggle Dropdown.Distance Learner Needs Library Materials.Look for a Specific Item Toggle Dropdown.Find Sources for my Research Toggle Dropdown.Start Research / Pick a Topic Toggle Dropdown.You may use the default text size for your notes.The preferred method is to use a full sized number followed by a period and a space: 1. Paul's uses the superscript in the footnote at the bottom of the page because it is the default of most word processing programs. A superscript number is used to correspond to a note at the bottom of the page with the bibliographic information.Use regular paragraph indentation (indent first line).Need a separate footnote each time you refer to a source in your paper.IF THE INFORMATION CAME FROM A SOURCE - CITE ITĬheck with your teacher and follow any adaptations to the style he/she requests You use an idea or any information from a source.You use the exact words of a souce (direct quote).If you are not familiar with citations, please review the Understanding Citations page. As a result, this guide does not go into the same depth as the MLA and APA citation guides. The Chicago style of formatting is usually introduced after students are familiar with MLA.

Turabian footnotes